CHARACTERISTICS OF HOFSTEDE'S INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM
(*Individuals may be more one or the other)

Individualism

 Collectivism

 Individual autonomy:
Individual Success Important

 Group unity and harmony:
Group Success Important

 Self-oriented:
Life revolves around self-interests

 Group-oriented:

Life revolves around groups or
community interests

 Personal goals:
Self Achievement important

Group goals:
Group Achievement important

Unique and independent:
Simple community/family ties

 Conforming and interdependent:
Complex community/family ties

Individual privacy:
High Priority

Group belongingness:
High Priority

Nuclear family:
Parents, Children

 Extended family:
Grandparents, Parents, Aunts, Uncles, Children

Individual rewards:
Equity

Equal distribution of rewards:
Equality

Competition:
Highly Competitive

Cooperation:
Highly Collaborative