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Hash alg (aka message digests) are 1-way functions. They are used for checksums and fingerprints, etc. They are complex equations that encrypt something so that you can encrypt that same thing later to see if they come out with the same msg digest It’s used for msg integrity.
RSA (Rivest, Shamir, Adleman) known as the 1st full-fledged public key algorithm, does encryption and sigs. the public and private keys are functions of a pair of lg (100-200 digit or >) prime #s. In sw, DES is 100 times faster than RSA.
Diffie-Hellman has limited application (no sigs and no encryption). It allows the establishment of a shared secret # between 2 parties and no one else can figure it our based on msgs that they’ve overheard. Neither party starts out w/a secret. Once they have the secret #, they can switch to DES for the encryption. There’s no authentication or proof of who is talking with who in this method.