| Urban Soils |
| Sustainable Urban Site Design: Principles & Elements | |
| Dr. Kathleen Wolf | |
| Awaji Landcape Planning and Horticulture Academy | |
| May 23, 2008 |
| Urban Soils |
| General Concepts | |
| Urban Impacts | |
| Root Volume | |
| Soil Compaction | |
| Soil Health & Nutrients |
| Forest Succession |
| Soil Formation (Succession) |
| Soil Profile |
| layers & horizons |
| Soil Classification Systems |
| Soil Survey - soil pits study |
| Soil Survey & Classification |
| Urban Soils |
| General Concepts | |
| Urban Impacts | |
| Root Volume | |
| Soil Compaction | |
| Soil Health & Nutrients |
| Soils - Ecosystem Services |
| production - food, timber, fiber, medicine | |
| hydrology - rainwater infiltration, reduce runoff, groundwater recharge | |
| vegetation health | |
| air & water quality - soils remove & transform polluting materials | |
| carbon - exchange and storage |
| Soil Composition |
| Soil Biota & Food Web |
| Biota & Carbon Storage |
| clean fill park lawn area |
| Undisturbed Land |
| source: Soils for Salmon, U.S. |
| Developed Land |
| source: Soils for Salmon, U.S. |
| Urban Impacts: Removal & Compaction |
| Urban Impacts: Removal & Compaction |
| Soil Composition |
| Urban Impacts: Erosion |
| Urban Impacts: Fill & Waste Materials |
| Discussion Break |
| Knowledge of Japan Urban Soils |
| Urban Soils |
| General Concepts | |
| Urban Impacts | |
| Tree Root Space | |
| Soil Compaction | |
| Soil Health & Nutrients |
| Challenge: Compact Spaces |
| roots & soil volume |
| Soil Volume |
| compacted soil | |
| no air | |
| no water | |
| tree not healthy | |
| disease likely |
| Soils & Street Trees |
| Soil & Street Trees |
| pit for root ball | |
| little room for roots |
| Structural Soil Dr. Nina Bassuk, Cornell University, U.S. |
| Structural Soil Dr. Nina Bassuk, Cornell University, U.S. |
| Structural Soil Dr. Nina Bassuk, Cornell University, U.S. |
| Structural Soil Dr. Nina Bassuk, Cornell University, U.S. |
| Urban Soils |
| General Concepts | |
| Urban Impacts | |
| Root Volume | |
| Soil Compaction | |
| Soil Health & Nutrients |
| Urban Impacts: Removal & Compaction |
| Protect Soils |
| Best Practice! | ||
| deep mulch | ||
| wood sheets | ||
| metal sheets | ||
| Soil Tilling with Amendment |
| Air Spade |
| Valuable trees | |
| Loosen compacted soils |
| Air Spade |
| No damage to structural roots | |
| Revives fine/feeder root systems |
| Air Spade |
| Trace roots/pruning |
| Urban Soils |
| General Concepts | |
| Urban Impacts | |
| Root Volume | |
| Soil Compaction | |
| Soil Health & Nutrients |
| Compost |
| adds organic material | |
| improves soil nutrients |
| Compost (wood waste, sewer sludge) |
| Compost slope stabilization |
| Compost vegetation start-up |
| Mulch |
| wood chips, sawdust, seed shells, leaves |
| Mulch |
| 5 to 10 cm depth over root zone |
| Mulch for Trees |
| tree nutrients |
|
| root growth |
| Mulch |
| nutrient renewal |
|
| reduce soil compaction |
| Mulch Technique |
| over root zone | |
| pull back from tree trunk |
|
| re-mulch 1-2 years |
| Summary |
| Priority! Protect & Preserve Soils | ||
| Urban Impacts | ||
| removal | ||
| fill & waste | ||
| compaction | ||
| loss of nutrients | ||
| Remedies? | ||
| structural soils | ||
| compost | ||
| mulch | ||