Ocean 431

Special Topics in Biological Oceanography, Spring 2007
OCEAN 431

Main Instructor: Prof. John Baross (Oceanography/Astrobiology)
Other Instructors:
Prof. Jody Deming (Oceanography/Astrobiology)
Billy Brazelton (Oceanography/Astrobiology grad student)

Billy's Office Hours: anytime by appointment and Wednesdays after class until 3pm, MSB 214 (building next to OTB on the water)

Reading Lists

Assignment 1 (due Friday, April 20)

The first assignment is to write 2 paragraphs on each of 3-4 papers from the following list. The first paper (***) is required and must be one of the 3-4, the remaining papers may be chosen from the list.

***Juniper, S.K., and V. Tunnicliffe. 1997. Crustal accretion and the hot vent ecosystem. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 355: 459-474. (PDF)

Fisher, C.R., K. Takai, and N. Le Bris. 2007. Hydrothermal vent ecosystems. Oceanography, Special Issue on InterRidge, 20(1):14-23.

Ramirez-Llodra, E., T.M. Shank, and C.R. German. 2007. Biodiversity and biogeography of hydrothermal vent species: Thirty years of discovery and investigations. Oceanography (Special Issue on InterRidge) 20(1):30-41.

McMullin, E.R., D.C. Bergquist, and C.F. Fisher. 2000. Metazoans in extreme environments: Adaptations of hydrothermal vent and hydrocarbon seep fauna. Gravitational Space Biol. Bull. 13(2):13-23. (PDF)

Delaney, J.R., D.S. Kelley, M.D. Lilley, D.A. Butterfield, J.A. Baross, W.S.D. Wilcock, R.W. Embley, and M. Summit. 1998. The quantum event of oceanic crustal accretion: Impacts of diking at mid-ocean ridges. Science 281:222-230. (PDF)

Kelley, D.S., J.A. Karson, G.L. Fruh-Green, D.R. Yoerger, T.M. Shank, D.A. Butterfield, J.M. Hayes, M.O. Schrenk, E.J. Olson, G. Proskurowski, M. Jakuba, A. Bradley, B. Larson, K. Ludwig, D. Glickson, K. Buckman, A.S. Bradley, W.J. Brazelton, K. Roe, M.J. Elend, A. Delacour, S.M. Bernasconi, M.D. Lilley, J.A. Baross, R.E. Summons, and S. P. Sylva. 2005. A serpentinite-hosted ecosystem: The Lost City hydrothermal Field. Science 307:1428-1434.

Van Dover, C. L. et al. 2002. Evolution and Biogeography of Deep-Sea Vent and Seep Invertebrates. Science 295: 1253-1257. (PDF)

Jannasch, H.W. 1995. Microbial Interactions With Hydrothermal Fluids. In Seafloor Hydrothermal Systems: Physical, Chemical, Biological, and Geological Interactions: Geophysical Monograph 91. (PDF)

Holland, M.E., Baross, J.A., and Holden, J.F. 2004. Illuminating Subseafloor Ecosystems Using Microbial Tracers. In The Subseafloor Biosphere at Mid-Ocean Ridges: Geophysical Monograph 144. (PDF)

Assignment 2 (due Friday, May 11 at 5pm)

Required reading but do not annotate:
Stewart, F.J., I.L.G. Newton, and C.M. Cavanaugh. 2005. Chemosynthetic endosymbioses: adaptations to oxic-anoxic interfaces. Trends Microbiol 13(9). (PDF)

Pick any 3-4 of the following papers to annotate:
Rocha, F., A.F. Gonzalez, M. Segonzac, and A. Guerra. 2002. Behavioural observations of the cephalopod Vulcanoctopus hydrothermalis. Cah Biol Mar 43: 299-302 (PDF)

Sancho, G., C.R. Fisher, S. Mills, F. Micheli, G.A. Johnson, H.S. Lenihan, C.H. Peterson, and L.S. Mullineaux. 2005. Selective predation by the zoarcid fish Thermarces cerberus at hydrothermal vents. Deep Sea Research I 52: 837-844.

Mullineaux, L. K.G. Speer, A.M. Thurnherr, M.E. Maltrud, and A. Vangriesheim. 2002. Implications of cross-axis flow for larval dispersal along mid-ocean ridges. Cah Biol Mar 43: 281-284. (PDF)

Niemann, H., T. Losekann, D. de Beer, M. Elvert, T. Nadalig, K. Knittel, R. Amann, E.J. Sauter, M. Schluter, M. Klages, J.P. Foucher, and A. Boetius. 2006. Novel microbial communities of the Haakon Mosby mud volcano and their role as a methane sink. Nature 443: 854-858. (PDF)

Marsh, A.G., L. Mullineaux, C.M. Young, and D.T. Manahan. 2001. Larval dispersal potential of the tubeworm Riftia pachyptila at deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Nature 411: 77-80. (PDF)

Freytag, J.K., P.R. Girguis, D.C. Bergquist, J.P. Andras, J.J. Childress, and C.R. Fisher. 2001. A paradox resolved: sulfide acquisition by roots of seep tubeworms sustains net chemoautotrophy. PNAS 98: 13408-13413. (PDF)

Fisher, C.R., I.R. MacDonald, R. Sassen, C.M. Young, S.A. Macko, S. Hourdez, R.S. Carney, S. Joye, and E. McMullin. 2000. Methane ice worms: Hesiocaeca methanicola colonizing fossil fuel reserves. Naturwissenschaften 87: 184-187. (PDF)

Luther, G.W., T.F. Rozan, M. Taillefert, D.B. Nuzzlo, C. Di Meo, T.M. Shank, R.A. Lutz, and S.C. Cary. 2001. Chemical speciation drives hydrothermal vent ecology. Nature. 410: 813-816. (PDF)

Gebruk, A.V., E.C. Southward, H. Kennedy, and A.J. Southward. 2000. Food sources, behaviour, and distribution of hydrothermal vent shrimps at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. J Mar Biol Ass UK 80: 485-499.

Turnipseed, M., C.D. Jenkins, and C.L. Van Dover. 2004. Community structure in Florida Escarpment seep and Snake Pit (Mid-Atlantic Ridge) vent mussel beds. Marine Biology 145: 121-132. (PDF)

McKiness, Z.P. and C.M. Cavanaugh. 2005. The ubiquitous mussel: Bathymodiolus aff. brevior symbiosis at the Central Indian Ridge hydrothermal vents. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 295: 183-190. (PDF)

de Angelis, M.A., A.-L. Reysenbach, and J.A. Baross. 1991. Surfaces of hydrothermal vent invertebrates: sites of elevated microbial CH4 oxidation activity. Limnol Oceanogr 36(3): 570-577.

Class Schedule

Week 1
March 26: no class
March 28: no class

Week 2
April 2: Introduction and course mechanics and stuff (Deming)
April 4: Hydrothermal vents: overview of vent environments, chemistry, geology, biology (Brazelton)

Week 3
April 9: Lost City Hydrothermal Field (Brazelton)
April 11: Hydrothermal vents: animal communities and biogeography (Deming)

Week 4
April 16: More vent and deep-sea animal communities and biogeography (Deming)

Remaining schedule to be finalized soon...

File translated from T_EX by T_TH, version 3.77.
On 2 May 2007, 16:04.